Once part of the British Empire, the autonomous territory of Hong Kong was handed back to the Chinese in 1997, bringing with it a rich and colourful history that still attracts more visitors than any other tourist destination.

Hong Kong became a British colony after the First Opium War in 1842 and remained under British rule for around a century until it was temporarily taken over by the Japanese during World War II.

After Japan's surrender, Britain resumed control and opened negotiations with China by the 1980s that resulted in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration and eventual independence.

The push for being handed back to China was largely built on Hong Kong's foundation of financial success, which developed during the 1970s. The territory has since emerged as the 44th-largest economy in the world, leaving it in the top 10 for GDP per capita.

The city is well known for its skyline and deep natural harbour and has around 7.2 million inhabitants, making it one of the most densely populated metropolises on earth.

Hong Kong's infrastructure is just as dense, mainly due to the limited land available. As a result it is awash with modern architecture and more high rises than any other city in the world. That density has unsurprisingly had its downsides, with air pollution a significant problem in the city, mainly due to loose emission standards resulting in a high level of atmospheric particulates. However, residents of Hong Kong still enjoy one of the longest rates of life expectancy in the world.

Currency

Hong Kong uses the Hong Kong Dollar, which roughly equates to 0.091p and is the 13th most traded currency in the world

Customs

When greeting westerners, the use of a handshake is the most common form of greeting, although it is usually lighter and many may choose to lower their eyes as a sign of respect. There is no need to return this gesture, but it is worth bearing in mind that prolonged eye contact during greeting should be avoided.

When attending a large gathering, you are expected to introduce yourself. However at a smaller function it is polite to wait for your host or hostess to introduce you.

Local, much like other Chinese residents, often have three names: a surname, followed by two personal names.

The first personal name is their father's name and the second personal name is their own name. When addressing someone new, use their honourific title and then their surname. If you reach first-name terms, you will often be advised on which one to use.

Some Chinese people adopt more western names and may ask you to call them by that name.